#BookReview: We Will Rise Again edited by Karen Lord, Annalee Newitz and Malka Older

#BookReview: We Will Rise Again edited by Karen Lord, Annalee Newitz and Malka OlderWe Will Rise Again: Speculative Stories and Essays on Protest, Resistance, and Hope by Karen Lord, Annalee Newitz, Malka Ann Older
Format: eARC
Formats available: paperback, ebook, audiobook
Genres: activism, anthologies, essays, fantasy, hopepunk, politics, science fiction, short stories, social justice, speculative fiction
Pages: 384
Published by S&S/Saga Press on December 2, 2025
Purchasing Info: Author's WebsitePublisher's WebsiteAmazonBarnes & NobleKoboBookshop.orgBetter World Books
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From genre luminaries, esteemed organizers, and exciting new voices in fiction, an anthology of stories, essays, and interviews that offer transformative visions of the future, fantastical alternate worlds, and inspiration for the social justice movements of tomorrow.

In this collection, editors Karen Lord, Annalee Newitz, and Malka Older champion realistic, progressive social change using the speculative stories of writers across the world. Exploring topics ranging from disability justice and environmental activism to community care and collective worldbuilding, these imaginative pieces from writers such as NK Jemisin, Charlie Jane Anders, Alejandro Heredia, Sam J. Miller, Nisi Shawl, and Sabrina Vourvoulias center solidarity, empathy, hope, joy, and creativity.

Each story is grounded within a broader sociopolitical framework using essays and interviews from movement leaders, including adrienne maree brown and Walidah Imarisha, charting the future history of protest, revolutions, and resistance with the same zeal for accuracy that speculative writers normally bring to science and technology. Using the vehicle of ambitious storytelling, We Will Rise Again offers effective tools for organizing, an unflinching interrogation of the status quo, and a blueprint for prefiguring a different world.

My Review:

This fascinating collection, edited by Karen Lord, Annalee Newitz and Malka Older, does something that isn’t done often – or perhaps just not often enough. Because it deals with real world issues explicitly through speculative fiction, it deliberately puts the included stories in dialogue with essays by and interviews with thinkers and especially doers who have experience with the problems raised and carried into the speculative realm.

This collection is also an homage and a continuation of the book Octavia’s Brood, edited by adrienne maree brown and Walidah Imarisha in 2015. It is both right and fitting that interviews with brown and Imarisha are part of the introduction to this current work.

My personal reading of this book focused on the included short stories which were written specifically for this collection, rather than the essays and interviews, many of which have been previously published elsewhere.

R.B. Lemberg – “Other Wars Elsewhere” c2025

This fantasy is a bit about the magic of places to pull at the heart, but is mostly about wars and refugee crises and people’s attention span for caring and giving to people and places that are not their own. It’s also a story about activism, both in the sense of doing it and in the sense of being caught up in the performance of it. And it’s also the story of a young woman learning that just because there’s a new crisis it doesn’t mean that an individual isn’t still emotionally attached to the old one and that sometimes you find your place to help and sometimes you come back to it. Mivka is a stand-in for Ukraine but that is far from all it is. Escape Rating A-

Rose Eveleth – “Originals Only” c2025
On the one hand this SF story has some fascinating things to say about athletes and how they’re viewed and lionized and cut down to size, how their lives are so wrapped up in their sport and prepping for it that they get tunnel vision, how little control they have over their lives and how they’re not prepared for their day in the sun to end – while also talking about how politics weaponizes people and talking points and whatever is top of mind to score off against marginalized groups and play identity politics. The problem with the story is that the protagonist is pretty much a cipher even at the ending. There’s no there there to wrap the story around – which may also be part of the point but leaves a void at the story’s center. Escape Rating B

Laia Asieo Odo – “Where Memory Meets the Sea” c2025

The story is about the erasure of memory and history, but makes it personal, poignant and downright heartbreaking by setting it in a world and specifically a country where individual memory erasure is possible and government sanctioned. The people have one day per year where they can remember and experience their losses, but even that is too much for a repressive government, leaving everyone with holes in their memories, injuries upon their bodies, and missing friends and family they’re not allowed to remember. Because if they did they’d overthrow them all. We know that history is written by the victors, and that counter-narratives to accepted truth get suppressed on the regular, but this puts the whole terrible thing and breaks the reader’s heart with grief and loss – even the ones that we don’t remember. Escape Rating A+

Samit Basu – “Disruption” c2025

This was interesting in that it’s not the first story I’ve read recently about weaponizing history erasure and using accepted truths to push a narrative. This one is a bit different because it also pulls in not just the evils of AI in general and the evils of AI in particular to do this work, but also the evils of letting AI control human behavior. It reminds me a bit of Where the Axe is Buried but is trying a bit too hard to be arch and the keystone doesn’t quite fit. Escape Rating B

Nisi Shawl – “The Gray and the Green” c2025

This one was weird – but that’s appropriate because the protagonist was totally weirded out. The story centers on a rather rapacious business owner who does an excellent job exploiting legal loopholes to make more money with fewer consequences. They start getting messages from their future self, attempting to set themselves on a better, more community-oriented but still highly profitable, path. It was a neat idea but didn’t quite work for me. Escape Rating B-

Sabrina Vourvoulias – “Perséfoni in the City” c2025

This story is about government corruption, community activism and the importance of food security, wrapped up in beautiful poetry and set in a world where food is a kind of magic in ways beyond the obvious. This was a story with a lot of irons in its fire, all of which were stories of their own. It would have worked better for me if it had picked a few of its storylines to follow through on – or if it had been long enough for all those crops to have had time to grow. And for a story intended for a speculative fiction collection, the speculative element was very slight. Escape Rating B

Jaymee Goh – “A Brief Letter on the Origins of the Harpy Aviary in the Kirani Citadel” c2025

This was fun, somewhat satirical and very pointed. Also feathered and clawed. It’s a story about sanctioned rebellions in a fantasy kingdom with a fascinating political structure where seemingly all marriages are polygamous in all directions, where children can inherit from anyone in the parental group – even the throne, and where outsiders coming in think that their quaint, backwards, “western” ways will hold sway over the Kirani’s very sensible arrangements for things. One pretender to the throne tries to bribe his way to the top, only to be overthrown by a mage who summons harpies to rout his illegal government. She’s in the right, but no good deed goes unpunished so she becomes the official heir AND is endlessly harangued by everyone who has to deal with the damage done by the harpies. The entire story is told in a letter to a friend, begging for at least a visit to help her get away from her onerous, necessary, but unwanted elevation to the crown. Escape Rating A-

Malka Older – “Aversion” c2025

At first, it seems like this story is about technology, kind of a reverse of subliminal advertising, where tech is used to show things people don’t want to see and generally turn their eyes away from. Things like horrific accidents, incidents of terrorism, war and peacetime atrocities. Then it pulls back a bit, and turns into a story about whether the ends of getting people to see the things that make them uncomfortable is worth the means of forcing them to do so. When that devolves into a debate about safety and security and protecting the children, it all sounds familiar but also necessary AND, more importantly, how easy it is to derail anything uncomfortable – if it pokes at the status quo. Then it pulls back again and it becomes a question about why people don’t see the truth of the world and how to get them to turn their attention back ON. This isn’t a fun story, but it is thought-provoking, particularly in that everyone is right but everyone is also very wrong. Escape Rating B+

Charlie Jane Anders – “Realer Than Real” c2025

This was fun, but it also made its point and hit it hard and well. At its heart, its a story that exposes the contradiction among conservatives that they want the US Constitution to be interpreted as the Founding Fathers would have seen it in the late 18th century. And at the same time they want it to enshrine the status quo as it is today – meaning that they want the law to enforce current ‘norms’ whatever those might be. The story takes that contradiction and pushes the envelope in both directions by poking directly at the way that some want to lock people down in their gender presentation based on how they look and how they dress and whether or not that conforms to ‘accepted’ interpretations of male and female. Because the clothing worn in the late 18th century – by the Founding Fathers and Mothers themselves – does not conform to 21st century standards AT ALL. And it doesn’t have to and neither should anyone today or any other day. Watching the drones all go spare and the Supreme Court judges get turned around was funny, but the point still got made and reinforced among the laughs. Escape Rating A+

Izzy Wasserstein – “The Rise and Fall of Storm Bluff, Kansas: An Oral History” c2025
This was an ultimately sad story about a failed anarchist revolution. The thing is that it should have worked, but the powers that be that preserve the status quo and stay in power by separating groups couldn’t tolerate the entirely legal and extremely cooperative purchase of all the land in a dying town in the middle of Kansas by a group of anarchists led by a transwoman, so they created a crisis so they could bring in troops and shut it all down. The story is told as a series of interviews with the survivors and its both fascinating and heartbreaking. A part of me wants to say that it wouldn’t happen like this because everything was done ‘right’ and legally, but reality says that it would. Dammit. Escape Rating A

Vida James – “Chupacabras” c2025

This is a story of frustration and rage – and it’s impossible not to feel both while reading. I think it hits even hard now than it did when it was written – or perhaps its that the theme feels realer and closer because it’s no longer just somewhere else but also here – albeit in a different way. The story is set in Puerto Rico, and it’s a story about hypergentrification, about the way the island is treated as a colony instead of a real part of the U.S., the way that the laws are written to favor the mainland instead of the citizens – or even just treating the citizens equally with other U.S. citizens. It’s about activism burnout, about how hard it is to keep fighting when the enemy owns all the battlefields for public awareness – and then it personalizes the whole fight into one woman, one monster and one very bloody possibility for extreme change. I can’t say I liked this story, exactly, but I absolutely did feel it. Escape Rating B

Alejandro Heredia – “If I Could Stay with You on Earth” c2025

This story was surprisingly sweet. It’s also a story where a non-violent protest is successful. And it’s a bit of a love story AND a love-letter to the Bronx at the same time. (And it made me want to go back and read The City We Became with its commentary on the personality of the five boroughs. It’s also a story about the power of an organized group to move the needle towards justice IF they have fair access to the lines of communication. It’s also, just a bit, about the impossibility of getting teenagers to hear the word “No”, but this time in a good way. It’s also a great story to shift the reader into a bit of a more hopeful space particularly after “Chupacabras”. Escape Rating A-

Annalee Newitz – “One of the Lesser-Known Revolutions” c2025

I’ve often said that I’m grateful to have grown up before digital footprints. Whatever mistakes I made – and they were as legion as anyone else’s – are not preserved and regurgitated over the internet. This story, in a way, reflects that era in that it’s about a group of students who want to go back to some of that, the idea that free speech isn’t an absolute right and that people who want to talk about murdering people and groups they hate have the right to say what they want but they don’t have the right to say it where they want. They can hate if they want, but they need to keep it private. Which is kind of the way it used to be before the megaphone of the internet existed. It’s a story about going back to enforcing the old stricture about not shouting fire in a crowded theater. While I loved the idea that it would keep haters from spamming and doxxing people they’ve decided to hate all over the internet, I can’t unsee the slippery slope this leads to. Escape Rating B

Kelly Robson – “Blockbuster” c2025

This managed to be both fun and sad at the same time, because it posits a world – or at least a tiny corner of it – where things are working as they could. And it’s wrapped around street burlesque in Toronto, which is inherently as fun as it is subversive. And it’s immersive, and the story is about one filmmaker who gets immersed and caught up in the possibilities of entertainment as a wedge to create social change even though the money backing his production pushes him towards cutting down the effort and preserving the status quo. The story is a lot bigger than all of this, and I liked what it was doing but didn’t care much for the protagonist or the cookie-cutter villain. Escape Rating B-

Abdulla Moaswes – “Kifaah and the Gospel” c2025

From one perspective, this is a story about AI as a tool of colonialism and the erasure of the cultures that colonialism wipes out in its rapaciousness. From another perspective, it resembles Nnedi Okorafor’s African futurism, even though this is not set in Africa, but rather the idea of the people who were once subjugated, returning to their land and making it their own, again. While, from a third perspective it reads as an attempt at cultural erasure that failed, as it centers around an artifact that, as much as it tells a terrible – and terribly slanted – story about cultural erasure in its historical past, becomes an object of error and derision when its programming forces it to assert that the present that is actually around it doesn’t exist. At the same time, the historical conflict that it references, the conflict that exists in our present between the Arabs and the Israelis in the Middle East is reduced to a simple binary that doesn’t sit right with this admittedly biased reader. I’m not sure I can rate this fairly because I can’t be remotely objective about it. But I’m still thinking about it, and that might be the most important part.

Overall Rating B+: Due to the collection’s mix of fiction and nonfiction, I can’t decide whether the rating should be “Escape” or “Reality”, particularly as even the fiction – or perhaps that’s especially the fiction, is real-world thought-provoking, as intended. However, speaking of the thoughts this collection evoked, I would highly recommend Cadwell Turnbull’s Convergence Saga, recently concluded with A Ruin, Great and Free, as a readalike for We Will Rise Again as his story brings so many of the concepts in this compelling collection to fantastic life.

A+ #AudioBookReview: The Small and the Mighty by Sharon McMahon

A+ #AudioBookReview: The Small and the Mighty by Sharon McMahonThe Small and the Mighty: Twelve Unsung Americans Who Changed the Course of History, from the Founding to the Civil Rights Movement by Sharon McMahon
Narrator: Sharon mcMahon
Format: audiobook, ebook
Source: purchased from Amazon, purchased from Audible
Formats available: hardcover, ebook, audiobook
Genres: American History, biography, history, politics, U.S. history
Pages: 320
Length: 10 hours and 13 minutes
on September 24, 2024
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From America’s favorite government teacher, a heartfelt, inspiring portrait of twelve ordinary Americans whose courage formed the character of our country.

In The Small and the Mighty, Sharon McMahon proves that the most remarkable Americans are often ordinary people who didn’t make it into the textbooks. Not the presidents, but the telephone operators. Not the aristocrats, but the schoolteachers. Through meticulous research, she discovers history’s unsung characters and brings their rich, riveting stories to light for the first time.

You’ll meet a woman astride a white horse riding down Pennsylvania Ave, a young boy detained at a Japanese incarceration camp, a formerly enslaved woman on a mission to reunite with her daughter, a poet on a train, and a teacher who learns to work with her enemies. More than one thing is bombed, and multiple people surprisingly become rich. Some rich with money, and some wealthy with things that matter more.

This is a book about what really made America–and Americans–great. McMahon’s cast of improbable champions will become familiar friends, lighting the path we journey in our quest to make the world more just, peaceful, good, and free.

My Review:

There are more than twelve. Not just in general, but specifically, in THIS book. Because there are WAY MORE than twelve unsung heroes of American history. And that seems both unfortunate and appropriately fitting at the same time. Because the sweep of history is vast, it’s not possible for every single person who is worthy of being highlighted in history to actually receive that acknowledgement. At the same time, it’s telling that the majority of these unsung heroes are from groups that history, as written by the powers that be, deliberately sweeps to the side because by their deeds and sometimes even their very existence, they challenge the narrative those powers-that-be promote so that they may remain and retain those very powers.

What those unsung heroes were often – but not always – singing their own hearts out FOR, is what makes this book appropriate for this particular week. Because many of the people whose stories are told herein fought for not just the right to vote, as was the case of the female suffragists, but also for the practical ability to exercise that right freely, as many of the teachers and civil rights workers fought.

These are the stories of just a few – not nearly enough – of the ‘hidden figures’ in U.S. history. Each and every one of them, in their own ways, did their very best and occasionally their very damndest – and the newspapers of their time frequently claimed it was the latter and not the former – to figure out and most importantly DO – the next needful thing to make progress.

When a mountain is crested, when a challenge is overcome, when a pinnacle is reached, a few are credited with the accomplishment – no matter how long the journey or how many contributed to achieve the goal. Those are the people whose names finally do end up in the history books.

These are the stories of the unsung heroes, those giants – small but mighty – on whose shoulders those in the history books stood.

Reality Rating A+: I loved this book a whole lot. I was expecting to like it, but I was genuinely surprised by how much I really, truly loved the hell out of it. I was looking for something that had a connection to American history for this week, came across this and thought, “Why not?”

Serendipity for the win because this was marvelous from beginning to end.

This is history, but it’s not history told as a dry recitation of facts. In style, it reminded me a lot of Erik Larson’s style of narrative nonfiction, in that the research is solid but that research is pulled together into an actual STORY that draws the reader into its web.

At the same time, it’s easy to see the book’s antecedents as the author’s podcasts about these and other ‘unsung heroes’ of history, as the book reads as more of a collection of short stories that occasionally intersect rather than a single narrative of history.

The way that the individual stories worked also held shades of Paul Harvey’s radio series, The Rest of the Story, which also told stories of unsung heroes, of people on the sidelines of better known stories, and of quirky bits of history.

While it will drive some readers crazy that the stories don’t link up into a single overarching thing, I found the way that things wove in and out of each other to be a whole lot of fun. Listening to the author read her own work, it felt like she was telling me a story, and that sometimes that story went on tangents to other stories with occasional sidebars into yet another story – with more than a few forays into the author’s opinions and even a few questions about what on Earth some people were either thinking or drinking.

The use of the language of the 21st century to tell this history to a 21st century audience just made it all that much more accessible. Which was marvelous because the stories were already heart tugging, heartbreaking and heart attack inducing by turns, and just filled with crowning moments of both awesome and despair – sometimes at the same time.

Any reader – or listener – looking for true stories of American history that they may not have heard before, or who would like to take a trip down some of the historical roads less well traveled by the history books, will have a grand time with The Small and the Mighty. And may even be inspired to do something a bit ‘mighty’ of their own.

Or even just a small but needful thing. Tomorrow, November 5, 2024, is Election Day in the United States. If you are a U.S. citizen who is eligible to vote, it is your RIGHT to do so. Please exercise that right. A single vote may be a small thing, but it is also a mighty power that many of the unsung heroes in this book fought to their utmost to gain.

Review: The Black Presidency: Barack Obama and the Politics of Race in America by Michael Eric Dyson

Review: The Black Presidency: Barack Obama and the Politics of Race in America by Michael Eric DysonThe Black Presidency: Barack Obama and the Politics of Race in America by Michael Eric Dyson
Formats available: hardcover, ebook, audiobook
Pages: 368
Published by Houghton Mifflin Harcourt on February 2nd 2016
Purchasing Info: Author's WebsitePublisher's WebsiteAmazonBarnes & NobleKoboBookshop.org
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A provocative and lively deep dive into the meaning of America's first black presidency, from “one of the most graceful and lucid intellectuals writing on race and politics today” (Vanity Fair).
Michael Eric Dyson explores the powerful, surprising way the politics of race have shaped Barack Obama’s identity and groundbreaking presidency. How has President Obama dealt publicly with race—as the national traumas of Tamir Rice, Trayvon Martin, Michael Brown, Eric Garner, Freddie Gray, and Walter Scott have played out during his tenure? What can we learn from Obama's major race speeches about his approach to racial conflict and the black criticism it provokes? 
Dyson explores whether Obama’s use of his own biracialism as a radiant symbol has been driven by the president’s desire to avoid a painful moral reckoning on race. And he sheds light on identity issues within the black power structure, telling the fascinating story of how Obama has spurned traditional black power brokers, significantly reducing their leverage. 
President Obama’s own voice—from an Oval Office interview granted to Dyson for this book—along with those of Eric Holder, Al Sharpton, Jesse Jackson, Andrew Young, and Maxine Waters, among others, add unique depth to this profound tour of the nation’s first black presidency.

My Review:

I chose to review The Black Presidency this week for two reasons. One is the obvious, February is Black History Month. The second is less obvious. This week is the week of the Presidents Day compromise holiday, the Monday between Lincoln’s Birthday and Washington’s Birthday. To review a book about the first black president in the week between holidays celebrating one president who owned people who looked like this president and a later president who freed those slaves and made this presidency possible (whether he personally could have imagined it or not) seemed like serendipitous timing.

There is also another factor. To this reader, so much of the criticism aimed at President Obama smacks of racism, whether those critics intend it to or not. Certainly, to this reader, the groundswell of hatred feels like it has racism at its dark heart.

The kind of identity politics that uses this president as a representative of an under-represented class in public life is not new. It is also not over. Barring an unforeseen tragedy, the Democratic party will either nominate the first woman to lead a major political party ticket or the first Jew to do so. Women have previously, but not often, campaigned in the primaries but have never headed their party’s ticket. Likewise, no non-Christian has ever headed a major party ticket. For that matter, there has only been one non-Protestant president, John F. Kennedy.

The Presidency of the United States has been the ultimate “glass-ceiling” job, and it has been historically difficult for anyone not fitting a particular mold – male, white, Protestant – to reach that Oval Office. So one of the things I was looking for in The Black Presidency was to read more about how race and racism have affected Barack Obama’s presidency, to perhaps learn something about the ways that sexism or anti-Semitism will rear their ugly heads in the campaign, and possibly the presidential term, to come.

Back to this book. The author is looking through the lens of representation, in all its multiple definitions. Because whether he wills it or not, Barack Obama has become both a prominent face of Black America and the face of America. And while the first part of that equation will have some resonance forever, the second is specific to his presidency. Next January, a new president will be sworn in and someone else will become the face of America to the world.

At the same time, like anyone who is a member of an underrepresented or non-dominant group, Barack Obama is supposed to serve as a representative of his group to the broader community, and to represent his group’s interests to that broader community. Anyone who has ever been the only person of their kind in a particular setting has a teeny, tiny taste of what this feels like. To be the only woman in a group of men, particularly in technology, is one example. To be the only Jew in a group of Christians can also make one feel a bit like Daniel in that lion’s den.

So the author is evaluating Obama’s presidency through how he has reacted, particularly what he has said and done, in relationship to all of these axes. It has had an effect on how he has presented himself, in the stereotypical images he has consistently tried to avoid. It has had an effect on how he addresses the black community, and what policies he proposes that do or do not affect that community. It has certainly had an effect in the way that people see him and interpret his actions.

Reality Rating B+: I found this book to be on the one-hand, well-rounded, in that it attempts to look at as many of Obama’s actions and speeches through the lens of representation and representational politics as possible. It is not intended as a study of all of the President’s actions, or of actions that do not or possibly could not relate to race. At the same time, it is admittedly difficult to view this president without at least contending with the way that some portions of the population are either using race as the only way they see him, or are pretending that they are not seeing race at all.

And it is impossible in the U.S. not to see race. A point that is also explored in the book.

This is not, however a complete political biography of the 44th president, nor is it intended to be. And I’ll admit that I was hoping to see more about the way that others view him and the way that those issues have continually buffeted his administration. Because while the axes will change, I think that the buffeting will repeat if either of the potential Democratic Party candidates becomes the next President.

Review: Hissing Cousins by Marc Peyser and Timothy Dwyer

Review: Hissing Cousins by Marc Peyser and Timothy DwyerHissing Cousins: The Untold Story of Eleanor Roosevelt and Alice Roosevelt Longworth by Timothy Dwyer, Marc Peyser
Formats available: hardcover, paperback, ebook, audiobook
Pages: 352
Published by Nan A. Talese on March 31st 2015
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A lively and provocative double biography of first cousins Eleanor Roosevelt and Alice Roosevelt Longworth, two extraordinary women whose tangled lives provide a sweeping look at the twentieth century.
When Theodore Roosevelt became president in 1901, his beautiful and flamboyant daughter was transformed into "Princess Alice," arguably the century's first global celebrity. Thirty-two years later, her first cousin Eleanor moved into the White House as First Lady. Born eight months and twenty blocks apart from each other in New York City, Eleanor and Alice spent a large part of their childhoods together and were far more alike than most historians acknowledge.
But their politics and temperaments couldn't have been more distinct. Do-gooder Eleanor was committed to social justice but hated the limelight; acid-tongued Alice, who became the wife of philandering Republican congressman Nicholas Longworth, was an opponent of big government who gained notoriety for her cutting remarks (she famously quipped that dour President Coolidge “looked like he was weaned on a pickle”). While Eleanor revolutionized the role of First Lady with her outspoken passion for human rights, Alice made the most of her insider connections to influence politics, including doing as much to defeat the League of Nations as anyone in elective office.
The cousins themselves liked to play up their oil-and-water relationship. “When I think of Frank and Eleanor in the White House I could grind my teeth to powder and blow them out my nose,” Alice once said. In the 1930s they even wrote opposing syndicated newspaper columns and embarked on competing nationwide speaking tours. Blood may be thicker than water, but when the family business is politics, winning trumps everything.
Vivid, intimate, and stylishly written, Hissing Cousins finally sets this relationship center stage, revealing the contentious bond between two political trailblazers who short-circuited the rules of gender and power, each in her own way.

My Review:

A fascinating dual biography of the first two female power-brokers in the U.S., along with a peek inside one of the longest-running First Families in U.S. history, and with a look at the way the rich and famous lived in what has often been called “the American Century”.

We think of them as being from two different eras, but they were not. While Alice Roosevelt Longworth was the daughter of Theodore Roosevelt, the 26th President of the U.S., and Eleanor Roosevelt was the wife of Franklin Delano Roosevelt, the 32nd President of the U.S., Alice and Eleanor were not just cousins, but they were born in the same year – 1884.

And for two women who on the surface seem to be exact opposites, there are a surprising number of similarities – and some absolutely fascinating differences.

Alice Roosevelt, formal portrait by Theobald Chartran 1901.
Alice Roosevelt, formal portrait by Theobald Chartran 1901.

Alice Roosevelt Longworth was a lot like Princess Di or the Kardashians. She was famous because of who she was, not what she did. When her father Teddy Roosevelt became president she was 15 years old and rebellious into the bargain. And she loved the publicity brought by her rebelliousness. The press loved her, she made great copy, and they dubbed her “Princess Alice”.

A color was named for her, Alice Blue, and a hit Broadway song was named for that color, “Alice Blue Gown” in the musical Irene. While Alice was famously everywhere, her cousin Eleanor was shy, retiring and still far from growing into the woman and the reformer that she would later become.

And it’s entirely possible that both girls “set their caps” for their cousin Franklin, but Eleanor caught him. Alice married Nicholas Longworth, a Congressman from Ohio who eventually became Speaker of the House. Longworth was the first in a long line of older, politically powerful men that Alice loved, and whose careers she both nurtured and skewered.

In her old age, Alice became famous for the saying, “If you can’t say something good about someone, sit right here by me.” Alice was often viciously malicious throughout her long life, and her cousin Eleanor was a frequent target. Alice enjoyed being bad, and Eleanor was always frightfully good.

Eleanor Roosevelt in 1932
Eleanor Roosevelt in 1932

Eleanor Roosevelt could easily have been just like Alice – famous for being the President’s wife (instead of his daughter) and not known for much else. Instead, Eleanor Roosevelt became one of the most famous American women of the 20th century. FDR’s polio in 1921 forced Eleanor to become the more active political campaigner, while FDR ran for Governor of New York, and after two terms, President of the United States. It was impossible to be shy and retiring on the campaign trail, even in the late 1920s and early 1930s. Eleanor was forced out of her shell, and she found the confidence to not only campaign for her husband, but to champion the reform causes that were near and dear to her own heart, even if her husband disagreed with them. Eleanor became the quintessential upper class do-gooder, but unlike many of her type, she didn’t just pay causes lip-service, she got stuff done.

Alice and Eleanor were like the Wicked Witch of the West and Glinda the Good Witch in The Wizard of Oz – always on opposite sides, but still very much family.

Mrs. Democrat (Eleanor) and Mrs. Republican (Alice) wielded their very real power in completely different ways. But they were alike in their background, in their tragedies, and in being the first women to have so much power at their own fingertips.

Reality Rating A: Eleanor Roosevelt is a historical figure that everyone thinks they know about. Alice Roosevelt Longworth, on the other hand, at the beginning of the 20th century was much more famous (and infamous), than her cousin Eleanor ever thought of being.

That the situation reversed had a lot to do with the different ways that these women wielded power, and their often divergent paths in life, in spite of, or perhaps because of, their very similar beginnings.

We often forget that Eleanor Roosevelt was Franklin Roosevelt’s cousin as well as his wife. Roosevelt was both her maiden name and her married name! And in our current era of political dynasties, the Kennedys, the Bushes,, and the Clintons, we sometimes forget that the Roosevelts got there first. Between 1900 and FDR’s death in 1945, there were 12 presidential elections, and either TR or FDR was on the ballot 8 of those 12 times. Only 1908, 1916, 1924, 1928 lacked a Roosevelt on one ticket or the other. Not even the Bushes have been that dominant, whether in success or failure.

In the first half of the 20th century, the Roosevelts were always in the news.

The story in Hissing Cousins isn’t just the news that they made, but how both women achieved their fame (or notoriety) and what they did with it.

While they both became power-brokers, they went about it entirely differently. Sharp and sparkling (and often maliciously vicious) Alice always worked behind the scenes. Her whispers were like a knife in the dark to many a political career, including on her own side. Eleanor was a public-minded and public-spirited reformer, she came out from behind her husband’s shadow and held office in her own name and for her own causes. Eleanor emerged from her own shyness to hold forth confidently in the sunshine. Alice liked publicity for herself, but she worked for her party behind the scenes.

Which of them was more truly influential is a bit hard to tell. While every President from TR to Gerald Ford met with Alice Roosevelt Longworth, what was said, what advice she gave, was not recorded. It was not intended to be. Although Richard Nixon was a favorite of Alice’s, it’s a pity that she didn’t meet with him in the White House, we might have recordings. But “Princess Alice” made the politicians court her, not the other way around.

Alice’s power was a kind of soft power, and the type that women historically held. Her power was the power of influence and gossip. She had good political instincts, and she used them to help those she favored, but it wasn’t the kind of power that led to speechmaking or officeholding of her own. She worked best from the shadows.

Eleanor Roosevelt’s use of power is the model we see today. She held offices of her own, admittedly mostly after FDR died. But she worked in her own name, particularly for the United Nations. What she said, what she did, was recorded as hers. Her successes and failures were also publicly hers.

But seeing their lives laid out side by side, as they each struggled for the limelight, and struggled with their children and their especially domineering mothers in law, we see how alike they are amongst their differences. And it makes for a fascinating story.

Review: Data and Goliath by Bruce Schneier

Review: Data and Goliath by Bruce SchneierData and Goliath: The Hidden Battles to Collect Your Data and Control Your World by Bruce Schneier
Formats available: hardcover, ebook, audiobook
Pages: 400
Published by W. W. Norton & Company on March 2nd 2015
Purchasing Info: Author's WebsitePublisher's WebsiteAmazonBarnes & NobleKoboBookshop.org
Goodreads

Your cell phone provider tracks your location and knows who’s with you. Your online and in-store purchasing patterns are recorded, and reveal if you're unemployed, sick, or pregnant. Your e-mails and texts expose your intimate and casual friends. Google knows what you’re thinking because it saves your private searches. Facebook can determine your sexual orientation without you ever mentioning it.
The powers that surveil us do more than simply store this information. Corporations use surveillance to manipulate not only the news articles and advertisements we each see, but also the prices we’re offered. Governments use surveillance to discriminate, censor, chill free speech, and put people in danger worldwide. And both sides share this information with each other or, even worse, lose it to cybercriminals in huge data breaches.
Much of this is voluntary: we cooperate with corporate surveillance because it promises us convenience, and we submit to government surveillance because it promises us protection. The result is a mass surveillance society of our own making. But have we given up more than we’ve gained? In Data and Goliath, security expert Bruce Schneier offers another path, one that values both security and privacy. He shows us exactly what we can do to reform our government surveillance programs and shake up surveillance-based business models, while also providing tips for you to protect your privacy every day. You'll never look at your phone, your computer, your credit cards, or even your car in the same way again.

I should have saved this book for Halloween. It is possibly the scariest thing I have read in a long time, and all the more frightening because it is true.

Two things keep running through my head about what is outlined in this book. One is a play on this quote from George Orwell’s 1984. It’s not that “Big Brother is watching you”, but that “Big Brother and all of his pesky little brothers are watching US”. All of us. Every single one of us. All the time.

And that the late Walt Kelly, creator of the comic strip Pogo from the late 1940s until the early 1970s said it best, “We have met the enemy, and he is us.”

Data and Goliath gives readers a clear picture of just who Big Brother and all his little brothers are, and a good idea of what they are collecting when they watch. We also get to learn all the pesky justifications for why they watch and collect. Also what they do with what they collect, and how secretive and obfuscatory they are about their true purposes and their abuses of our privacy and any attempts at oversight.

Just as fascinating are all the things that are being done in the name of security that actually make us less secure in addition to making us less free. Some of that is truly scary.

The author doesn’t leave us without hope. This book is definitely a call for action, so there are plenty of ideas that can be implemented to address this streaming away of our privacy that claims to, but doesn’t actually make us more secure. The irony is that our increasing lack of privacy makes it easier, in fact downright simple, for those who wish to maintain the status quo to know in advance that we are moving against them, and for them to move against us, with all the power of the state at their backs, first.

Can we manage to get enough watch placed on the watchers in place before they make it impossible?

Reality Rating A-: The text is occasionally a bit dry, but the abuses of technology that it outlines are enough to keep the reader on the edge of their seat in spite of that. Because this is all true, and it’s enough to scare way more than your socks off.

One of the things the author makes abundantly clear is that we are all being watched, as in surveilled, all the time. Having a cell phone is enough to do that. Cell phones tell their carriers, and then anyone who has access to that data, where we are every minute of the day, within a couple dozen feet. From knowing where we are, it can then track who is around us, and from that, it can tell where we work, where we sleep, who we sleep with, where we eat, what we do for fun. Other tracking systems track what we buy and where we buy it, whether online or in real space. Anything we buy with a credit card is tracked. And even if we pay cash, cameras at the store we went to show what we bought and when we bought it.

The descriptions of just how easy it is to diagnose someone’s medical conditions by tracking their movements and their purchases shows just how easily one’s privacy, even about the most private things, can be breached.

And for those who say that there is so much information that no one could be looking for them in particular. Well, that may be true. But, if the government is looking for someone who is in your vicinity, your information will be scooped up and analyzed. And kept. If ten years from now what you bought or wrote today is deemed questionable, it is possible that something you forgot long ago could come back to haunt you.

For those who say that if someone has nothing to hide, they have nothing to fear, the arguments against that logic are pretty easily demolished. We are human, we all have things to hide – from the child who tells their parents they brushed their teeth when they didn’t to the worker who is searching for another job and doesn’t want their employer to know to the spouse who wants to hide a present or a special announcement until the right moment to the people organizing a surprise party. These are all things we want hidden, and none of the them are illegal or even guilty secrets (except maybe the non-toothbrushing child, but didn’t we ALL do that?)

As the author makes very clear, one of the big issues about this push-pull between surveillance and privacy is that we are often not aware how much of our privacy has been stripped away, or how much data is collected about us and how it can and will be used either against us or to sell us stuff that big computers are able to figure out that we might want based on all the tiny details they know about us.

Or to put it another way, we are not the customers of Google or Yahoo or any other search engine, we are the product. We get free search, and those companies collect data about us which they sell. We’re not the shepherd, we’re not even uninvolved bystanders watching as the sheep go by – we ARE the sheep. If you want to learn about all the ways that the sheep are being tagged, and who is looking at all the tagging and tracking data generated by the sheep, this book is a great place to being your search

There is always a question about “who watches the watchers”. In this book, the author provides the answer, and that answer is “no one”. And that makes me very afraid indeed..

Review: Freedom of Speech by David K. Shipler

Review: Freedom of Speech by David K. ShiplerFreedom of Speech: Mightier Than the Sword by David K. Shipler
Formats available: hardcover, paperback, ebook, audiobook
Pages: 352
Published by Knopf on May 12th 2015
Purchasing Info: Author's WebsitePublisher's WebsiteAmazonBarnes & NobleKoboBookshop.org
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A provocative, timely assessment of the state of free speech in America
With his best seller The Working Poor, Pulitzer Prize winner and former New York Times veteran David K. Shipler cemented his place among our most trenchant social commentators. Now he turns his incisive reporting to a critical American ideal: freedom of speech. Anchored in personal stories—sometimes shocking, sometimes absurd, sometimes dishearteningly familiar—Shipler’s investigations of the cultural limits on both expression and the willingness to listen build to expose troubling instabilities in the very foundations of our democracy.
Focusing on recent free speech controversies across the nation, Shipler maps a rapidly shifting topography of political and cultural norms: parents in Michigan rallying to teachers vilified for their reading lists; conservative ministers risking their churches’ tax-exempt status to preach politics from the pulpit; national security reporters using techniques more common in dictatorships to avoid leak prosecution; a Washington, D.C., Jewish theater’s struggle for creative control in the face of protests targeting productions critical of Israel; history teachers in Texas quietly bypassing a reactionary curriculum to give students access to unapproved perspectives; the mixed blessings of the Internet as a forum for dialogue about race.
These and other stories coalesce to reveal the systemic patterns of both suppression and opportunity that are making today a transitional moment for the future of one of our founding principles. Measured yet sweeping, Freedom of Speech brilliantly reveals the triumphs and challenges of defining and protecting the boundaries of free expression in modern America.

Most of the time, freedom of speech is an abstract concept. And even though it is enshrined in the Bill of Rights, the interpretation of what that simple phrase, “freedom of speech”, means in real life often depends on interpretation, and on which side of the current debate you might happen to be on.

The text in the U.S. Constitution reads as follows:

Congress shall make no law respecting an establishment of religion, or prohibiting the free exercise thereof; or abridging the freedom of speech, or of the press; or the right of the people peaceably to assemble, and to petition the Government for a redress of grievances.

One of the things that people often miss is that the direction of this law is to Congress. As written, it reflects the things that governments might want to do to us – it doesn’t actually address things that we might do to each other as private citizens.

There are a few legal restrictions on the freedom of speech, but there are many other ways to restrict speech. This book discusses real cases of where the freedom of speech has come under attack or into question, and by personalizing these stories provides a way for us to appreciate both the strengths and the limitations of those few brief words in the Constitution.

The author has grouped the situations where the “rubber meets the road” as far as free speech is concerned into some very challenging situations. The issues that he covers are: censorship, whistleblowing, bigotry, politics and culture. Because free speech is challenged in different ways and through different means in each of these instances.

One of the contradictions that is made unflinchingly clear, we may have freedom of speech, however, it may be abridged, or chilled or denied. What we don’t have (and generally shouldn’t) is the freedom from the consequences of that speech. And whether we like it or not, the challenges to our freedom of speech may very well be people who firmly believe that they are defending it.

Or us.

Reality Rating A: It’s the way that the author has personalized the abstract that brings this book to life. He doesn’t just talk in glowing platitudes about the freedom of speech, he takes deep dives into the hearts and minds who have fought, or are being fought, to protect or abridge that right.

And he also dissects some of the ways that free speech hurts, and why that makes it even more necessary.

The first section immediately drew me in, because it covered censorship, particularly as it applies to library book bannings and challenges. This is a subject with which I’m intimately familiar. At one of my former places of work, I was the person tasked with responding to challenges and overseeing the formation and the work of the staff assigned to serve on challenge committees and make recommendations.

absolutely true diary of a part time indian by sherman alexieEven though this is Banned Books Week, the reality is that in today’s climate, books are challenged rather than banned. And it is generally books aimed at a teenage audience, although not always. As the author demonstrates by getting into the cases in Missouri (Slaughterhouse Five), Michigan (Waterland and Beloved), New York State (The Perks of Being a Wallflower, and practically everywhere (The Absolutely True Diary of a Part-Time Indian). The late-breaking case about The Immortal Life of Henrietta Lacks in Tennessee shows that this is very much still happening. The one area where even childrens’ books get challenged is homosexuality, as the cases of Heather Has Two Mommies, And Tango Makes Three and Uncle Bobby’s Wedding make perfectly clear.

But in all these cases, the parental request is not to ban the book from the world, or even the U.S. This is impossible. But it generally comes down to “not their child” or “not for children” or “not at school”. They are often trying to maintain their child’s innocence just a little longer, and resent a school system that prefers to expose their children to what many people believe is the real world.

The striking thing is that such challenges always include the caveat that the person is not against freedom of speech, merely that this one thing, whatever it is, and whether they’ve read it or not, should not be protected, or that their children should be protected from it.

What is also clear in this section is that censorship can take many other, and more insidious, forms. Teachers in schools are unfortunately forced to teach to their state’s tests. And those tests can reflect biases and perspectives that support a political agenda or maintain the status quo. One of the big debates right now is about American exceptionalism and the beneficence of capitalism. Materials that do not reflect the desired perspective can be excised from the curriculum, and even where the teachers have limited freedom to teach from materials that are outside the curriculum, they may be squeezed out of those lessons by the unrelenting pressure of time to prepare their students for the tests.

Should we learn how the rest of the world views us while we are in high school, or should such knowledge wait until adulthood? Of course, with the prevalence of echo chambers on the internet, if we don’t seek out views that challenge our own, we may never find them.

The chapters on whistleblowers and the cost to those who choose to expose wrongdoing in organizations of which they are a part, especially when those organizations are the government, is chilling. The press may have freedom, and speech may be free, but the cost to individual whistleblowers is life-changing in a catastrophic way. And yet, a free society needs people who are willing to shine lights into dark places and risk the excoriation, persecution and sometimes prosecution that follows. By interviewing less famous whistleblowers, the author shines a light on how speech can be suppressed by the chilling effect of a threat to one’s job, one’s security, one’s personal freedom. And it gives us a little light into why people do it anyway.

Each section is like the two I have described. The author illustrates this abstract concept of freedom of speech by giving us real people and real situations to follow and empathize with. The sections on bigotry, hate speech and conspiracy theorists are particularly chilling, at least in part because those are areas we often feel squidgy about.

I found the last section particularly riveting. The story is about a very edgy artistic director at Theater J, an often flying-on-the-edge of controversy theater at the Jewish Community Center in Washington D.C. The art director put on challenging productions that often sold out, but equally often asked questions about Jewish themes and Israel’s place in the world and some of its past acts and policies that made some people very uncomfortable, out of a fear that questioning Israel’s actions might erode Israel’s U.S. support in Congress. The Q&A sessions after the productions were intellectually challenging and provocative. But because some of those plays shone a harsher light on some of Israel’s acts than certain conservative felt was desirable, there was a lot of push-back from potential donors to the Theater’s parent organization. We see the increasing pressure, as fears about money and perceptions that the Theater may be willing to go further out than its organization feels it can tolerate, create more and more artistic compromises. Speech may be free, but the cost to exercise it is not.

In writing this review, I took a look to see what had happened to the artistic director. He was fired, after 18 years as artistic director, because he wasn’t willing to back off from that intellectually challenging edge. He’s started another theater company elsewhere in DC, but his story shows that the cost of standing on that ledge of freedom of speech can be high.

If you are interested in putting human faces and voices to that abstract concept of freedom of speech, read this book.